Metal turning is a machining operation in which cutting tools act on a workpiece. Both internal and external surfaces can be machined this way. The work is performed on specialized, possibly automated, machines. A cutting tool removes layers of metal from the workpiece until the required shape and dimensions are achieved.
Other operations performed on a lathe include thread cutting; machining grooves, pockets, and shoulders; reaming and boring holes; and cutting off workpieces.
Shapes that can be given to a workpiece include conical, cylindrical, and contoured shapes.
Output and quality depend on the allowable chip volume, tool clamping and stability, spindle speed, and equipment condition.
